这是一个提供精致微交互的现代汉堡菜单实现示例。点击时,三条线会平滑地变形为“X”,给用户直观的反馈。
此动画通过HTML、CSS和JavaScript的简单组合即可运行。
<!-- HTML -->
<button class="hamburger-menu" aria-label="Menu" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="line line-1"></span>
<span class="line line-2"></span>
<span class="line line-3"></span>
</button>/* CSS */
.hamburger-menu {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: space-between;
width: 48px;
height: 32px;
background: transparent;
border: none;
cursor: pointer;
padding: 0;
position: relative;
transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}
.hamburger-menu:focus-visible {
outline: 2px solid #3b82f6;
outline-offset: 6px;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.hamburger-menu:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
}
.hamburger-menu .line {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 4px;
background-color: #1e293b;
border-radius: 9999px;
transition: all 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
transform-origin: center;
}
/* 激活(展开)状态的样式 */
.hamburger-menu.active .line-1 {
transform: translateY(14px) rotate(45deg);
background-color: #ef4444;
}
.hamburger-menu.active .line-2 {
opacity: 0;
transform: translateX(-20px);
}
.hamburger-menu.active .line-3 {
transform: translateY(-14px) rotate(-45deg);
background-color: #ef4444;
}// JavaScript
const hamburger = document.querySelector('.hamburger-menu');
hamburger.addEventListener('click', function() {
// 切换 active 类
this.classList.toggle('active');
// 无障碍支持 (更新 aria-expanded)
const isExpanded = this.classList.contains('active');
this.setAttribute('aria-expanded', isExpanded);
}); cubic-bezier 缓动函数,实现了不死板、自然流畅的动画。aria-label 和 aria-expanded,确保屏幕阅读器也能了解菜单的开闭状态。此外,使用 :focus-visible 明确键盘操作时的焦点环。transform 和 opacity,因此抑制了浏览器的重绘(repaint/reflow),维持了高性能。